Two-dimensional structures in the quintic Ginzburg-Landau equation

By using ZEUS cluster at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University we perform extensive numerical simulations based on a two-dimensional Fourier spectral method Fourier spatial discretization and an explicit scheme for time differencing) to find the range of existence of the spatiotemporal solitons of the two-dimensional complex Ginzburg-Landau equation with cubic and quintic nonlinearities. We start from the parameters used by Akhmediev {\it et. al.} and slowly vary them one by one to determine the regimes where solitons exist as stable/unstable structures. We present eight classes of dissipative solitons from which six are known (stationary, pulsating, vortex spinning, filament, exploding, creeping) and two are novel (creeping-vortex propellers and spinning "bean-shaped" solitons). By running lengthy simulations for the different parameters of the equation, we find ranges of existence of stable structures (stationary, pulsating, circular vortex spinning, organized exploding), and unstable structures (elliptic vortex spinning that leads to filament, disorganized exploding, creeping). Moreover, by varying even the two initial conditions together with vorticity, we find a richer behavior in the form of creeping-vortex propellers, and spinning "bean-shaped" solitons. Each class differentiates from the other by distinctive features of their energy evolution, shape of initial conditions, as well as domain of existence of parameters.Comment: 19 pages, 19 figures, 8 tables, updated text and reference

0015: High LDL cholesterol decreases life expectancy in primary prevention

BackgroundThe 2012 ESC guidelines recommend a LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) lower than 3mmol/L for subjects at low or moderate risk with a class I/A and a strong grade. According to ESC, statins should be used as the drugs of first choice. The aim of this study was to assess the association between elevated LDL-C with total and cardiovascular (CV) mortality in primary prevention.MethodsOur study population consisted in patients who had been admitted from 1995 to 2011 in a preventive cardiology unit of a large French university hospital. We excluded patients whose age was less than 30 and all patients with previous ischemic heart disease. Vital status in 2011 was checked through the death national database.Results4885 patients were included (59% men; 53±10 yrs). After a mean follow-up of 8.6 years, 129 deaths, including 31 CV deaths, were recorded. The mean LDL-C was 3.98±1.18mmol/L (3.90 in men and 4.11 in women). Among these 4885 patients, 2648 (54.2%) had LDL-C lower than 4mmol/L, 1890 (38.7%) had LDL-C between 4 and 6mmol/L, 347 (7.1%) had LDL-C higher than 6mmol/L, and 1833 (37.5%) were on current lipid-lowering treatment. After adjustment for age, gender, smoking, hypertension and diabetes, an increased LDL-C > 4mmol/L was significantly associated with all cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) 2.06; 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.42-3.00], p=0.001) and with CV mortality (HR 2.18; 95% CI [1.04-4.57], p=0.04). After adjustment for these classical risk factors and for lipid-lowering treatment, LDL-C remained significantly associated with an increasing risk of all cause mortality; with LDL-C < 4mmol/L as a reference class, LDL-C levels between 4 and 6mmol/L were associated with an increased all cause mortality (HR 1.72; 95% CI [1.17-2.54], p=0.006) as well as LDL-C > 6mmol/L (HR 2.60; 95% CI [1.49-4.85], p=0.001).ConclusionsLDL-C levels higher than 4mmol/L were significantly associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in primary prevention

Donner toute sa place au cercle méridien de Toulouse-Jolimont à l'aide d'outils numériques : l'exemple des travaux du projet ReSeed

International audienceMeridian circles are the main instrument for astrometry during the 19th century. With it, one can measure positions of stars, as well as clocks functioning. At the verge of the 20th century, an ambitious policy leads to a successive installation of meridian circles in every French institutional observatory, all of them made by the same builder, Eichens-Gautier. In Toulouse such an instrument is installed in 1891 in the observatory of Jolimont.Meridian circles perform measurements, but also need to be measured. They are fitted with scopes and accessories to measure the deviations affecting the measurements. Such indications could lead to post-processing corrections, or to the instrument calibration. The accessories are added gradually, and updated, according to technical and scientific progress. To understand the instrument, context is needed and the technical environment plays a key role in the proper functioning of the object. Looking at the telescope only, without its accessories, means ignoring vital components of its use, and eventually misunderstandings.With these incremental modifications, the meridian circles form a false-series of unique objects. The instrument’s need for context make their physical gathering impossible. Yet, the dynamics of the series, invisible through the life of an individual instrument, can only reveal itself through instruments comparisons.By the use of digital technologies, we were able to model the telescopes in their environment and to better understand the series. Digital twins, virtual models of the objects, built through aggregation of information and documents offer transverse vision, and embody this physically spread series.Au XIXe siècle, le cercle méridien est l’instrument majeur de l’astrométrie. Il mesure des positions d’étoiles, et contrôle la course des horloges. Une politique ambitieuse en équipe tous les observatoires institutionnels français au seuil du XXe siècle. La maison Eichens-Gautier produit l’instrument pour tous les observatoires ; celui de Toulouse est installé à l’observatoire de Jolimont en 1891.Mais le cercle méridien est instrument de mesure tout autant qu’objet mesuré. On adjoint à l’instrument mires et accessoires, qui permettent de connaître les déviations subies au moment de la mesure. Ces quotités mesurées permettent de corriger les résultats de l’instrument, soit par le calcul, soit par sa calibration. L’installation des accessoires se fait progressivement, ceux-ci sont même parfois améliorés, au gré des progrès techniques et scientifiques. L’instrument se comprend donc dans ce contexte, l’environnement technique, rendu indispensable au fonctionnement optimal de l’objet ; l’en sortir rompt l’usage et la compréhension de l’instrument.Les cercles méridiens deviennent, au fil de leurs modifications, une fausse-série d’instruments uniques. Impossible à rassembler physiquement, sans la décontextualiser, cette série ne témoigne cependant de toutes ses qualités que dans la comparaison entre instruments, traduisant une dynamique invisible à l’examen des seuls individus.Les possibilités nouvelles apportées par le numérique nous ont permis de modéliser les lunettes et ainsi de mieux comprendre la série. La construction d’un double virtuel de l’objet, par agrégation d’informations et de documentation offre une vision transversale et donne corps à cette série physiquement éclatée

A State Class Construction for Computing the Intersection of Time Petri Nets Languages

International audienceWe propose a new method for computing the language intersection of two Time Petri nets (TPN); that is the sequence of labels in timed traces common to the execution of two TPN. Our approach is based on a new product construction between nets and relies on the State Class construction, a widely used method for checking the behaviour of TPN. We prove that this new construct does not add additional expressive power, and yet that it can leads to very concise representation of the result. We have implemented our approach in a new tool, called Twina. We report on some experimental results obtained with this tool and show how to apply our approach on two interesting problems: rst, to dene an equivalent of the twin-plant diagnosability methods for TPN; then as a way to check timed properties without interfering with a system

1968, entre libération et libéralisation

Les auteurs analysent ici les processus complexes et multiples de libéralisation manifestés dans différents domaines lors de la seconde moitié des années soixante ainsi que leur rôle éventuel dans la dérégulation affirmée ouvertement après 1984. Quelle place les évènements de 1968 et leurs résultats, tels qu'inscrits dans la loi, dans des décrets ou simplement dans les pratiques, occupent-ils dans ce qui constitue un retournement ? Marquent-ils la fin d'un cycle ouvert par la séquence 1936-1946 et dont les bornes ne coïncideraient pas avec celles des Trente Glorieuses ? Sont-ils annonciateurs d'une séquence nouvelle et, dans cette hypothèse, laquelle ? Ouvrent-ils plus largement à l'appréhension de temporalités autres ? Les réponses apportées ici suggèrent une chronologie inédite, où mai 1968 s'impose comme le moment d'une grande bifurcation